Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)

Registration No. 333-220487

 

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement relating to these securities has been declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission. This preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting offers to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to Completion, Dated April 27, 2020

 

 

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(to Prospectus dated September 27, 2017)

 

 

                          Shares of Common Stock

 

We are offering                     shares of our common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, in this offering.

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “NBSE.” On April 24, 2020, the last reported sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market was $7.73 per share.

 

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement and under similar headings in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus for a discussion of certain risks you should consider before investing in our common stock.

 

 

  Per Share Total
Public offering price $ $
Underwriting discounts and commissions(1) $ $
Proceeds to us, before expenses $ $

 

 

(1)       See the section of this prospectus supplement entitled “Underwriting” for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.

 

We have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional                         shares of common stock from us at the public offering price per share, less underwriting discounts and commissions.

 

Certain of our significant stockholders, directors and officers have indicated an interest in purchasing an aggregate of up to approximately $2.9 million in shares of our common stock in this offering at the public offering price and on the same terms and conditions as the other purchasers in this offering. However, because indications of interest are not binding agreements or commitments to purchase, the underwriters could determine to sell more, fewer or no shares to any of these potential purchasers, and any of these potential purchasers could determine to purchase more, fewer or no shares in this offering. The underwriters will receive the same underwriting discounts and commissions on any shares purchased by these parties as they will on any other shares sold to the public in this offering.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of common stock to the investors against payment on or about April         , 2020.

 

Joint Book-Running Managers

________________________

Oppenheimer & Co.  BTIG

 

Co-Manager

 

     National Securities Corporation

 

The date of this prospectus supplement is April      , 2020.

 

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

  Page
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT  
   
About this Prospectus Supplement S-1
Prospectus Supplement Summary S-2
The Offering S-7
Risk Factors S-8
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements S-9
Market and Industry Data S-11
Use of Proceeds S-12
Capitalization S-13
Dilution S-14
Description of Common Stock S-16
Underwriting S-19
Legal Matters S-23
Experts S-23
Information Incorporated by Reference; Where You Can Find More Information S-24

 

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

About this Prospectus 1
Prospectus Summary 2
Risk Factors 4
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges 6
Use of Proceeds 6
Plan of Distribution 7
Description of Capital Stock 9
Description of Debt Securities 11
Description of Warrants 16
Description of Rights 17
Description of Purchase Contracts 18
Description of Units 18
Legal Matters 21
Experts 21
Where You Can Find More Information 21
Incorporation of Information by Reference 22

 

 

 S-i 

 

 

About this Prospectus Supplement

 

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus are part of a “shelf” registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), using a “shelf” registration process. This prospectus supplement describes the specific terms of this offering. The accompanying base prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, provides general information about us, some of which, such as the section therein entitled “Plan of Distribution,” may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus, we are referring to both this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, combined.

 

We urge you to carefully read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein and the additional information under the heading “Information Incorporated by Reference; Where You Can Find More Information” before buying any of the securities being offered under this prospectus supplement. These documents contain information you should consider when making your investment decision.

 

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. This prospectus supplement may add, update or change information contained in the accompanying base prospectus. To the extent any information in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying base prospectus, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. The information in this prospectus supplement will be deemed to modify or supersede the information in the accompanying base prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference therein, except for those documents incorporated by reference therein which we file with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement.

 

You should not assume that the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus is accurate on any date subsequent to the date set forth on the front cover of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus or on any date subsequent to the date of the document incorporated by reference herein or therein, as applicable. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

 

We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the securities described in this prospectus supplement only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The distribution of this prospectus supplement and the offering of the securities in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus supplement must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the securities and the distribution of this prospectus supplement outside the United States. This prospectus supplement does not constitute, and may not be used in connection with, an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities offered by this prospectus supplement by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer or solicitation.

 

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectus were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

 

In this prospectus supplement, unless otherwise indicated or required by the context, the terms “NeuBase,” “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” refer to NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

We use our unregistered trademark, PATrOL, in this prospectus supplement. All other trademarks, trade names and service marks appearing in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectus or the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein are the property of their respective owners. Use or display by us of other parties’ trademarks, trade dress or products is not intended to and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsements or sponsorship of, us by the trademark or trade dress owner. Solely for convenience and, except for the use of PATrOL herein, trademarks and tradenames referred to in this prospectus appear without the ® and symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or that the applicable owner will not assert its rights, to these trademarks and tradenames.

 

 S-1 

 

 

Prospectus Supplement Summary

 

This summary contains basic information about us and this offering. This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus supplement. This summary is not complete and may not contain all of the information that is important to you and that you should consider before deciding whether or not to invest in our common stock. For a more complete understanding of the Company and this offering, you should carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectus, including any information incorporated by reference herein and therein, in their entirety. Investing in our securities involves risks that are described in this prospectus supplement under the heading “Risk Factors,” under the headings “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019 and “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, and in our other filings with the SEC.

 

Our Company

 

Overview

 

NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. is developing a modular peptide-nucleic acid antisense oligonucletide (“PATrOL™”) platform to address genetic diseases caused by mutant proteins, with a single, cohesive approach. The systemically-deliverable PATrOL™ therapies are designed to improve upon current gene silencing treatments by combining the advantages of synthetic approaches with the precision of antisense technologies. We plan to use our platform to address genetic diseases, with an initial focus on Huntington’s Disease and Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, as well as other genetic disorders.

 

Our Business

 

We are a biotechnology company focused on developing next -generation therapies to treat rare genetic diseases and cancer caused by mutant genes. Our modular peptide-nucleic acid antisense oligonucelotide (“PATrOL™”) platform is designed to improve upon current gene silencing treatments by combining the specificity of antisense oligonucleotides (“ASOs”) with the broad tissue distribution capabilities of small molecules. Given that every human disease may have a genetic component, we believe that our differentiated platform technology has the potential for broad impact. We plan to use our platform to address genetic diseases and we are initially focused on Huntington’s disease (“HD”) and myotonic dystrophy type 1 (“DM1”).

 

Mutated proteins resulting from errors in deoxyribonucleic acid (“DNA”) sequences cause many rare genetic diseases and cancer. DNA in each cell of the body is transcribed into pre-messenger ribonucleic acid (“mRNA”), which is then processed (spliced) into mRNA, which is exported into the cytoplasm of the cell and translated into protein. This is termed the “central dogma” of biology. Therefore, when errors in a DNA sequence occur, they are propagated to RNAs and can become a damaging protein.

 

We are developing ASO therapies. ASOs are short single strands of nucleic acids (traditionally thought of as single-stranded RNA molecules) which will bind to defective RNA targets in cells and inhibit their ability to be translated into defective proteins. We believe we are a leader in the discovery and development of the class of RNA-targeted ASO drugs called peptide-nucleic acids (“PNAs”). Our proprietary PATrOL™ platform allows for a more efficient discovery of drug product candidates, potentially transforming the treatment paradigm for people affected by rare genetic diseases and cancer.

 

The PATrOL™ platform allows for a potentially more efficient discovery of drug product candidates because of manufacturing consistency and because we are not constrained by folded regions of the target RNA molecule (secondary structures). The peptide backbone of our ASOs is rigid, and once linked together to form a series of backbone subunits, forms a single pre-organized structure.

 

At a more detailed level, each subunit of the peptide backbone has only a single chiral center – a point in the chemical structure where the conformation of the backbone could fluctuate – and this chiral center is locked into one conformation, and thus, is pre-organized to form only a single conformation or stereoisomer. A stereoisomer is a term used in the ASO therapeutics field to mean a string of backbone subunits with attached nucleo-bases that are linked together into a specific sequence that matches (complements) the target RNA sequence; however, because of the nature of the backbone subunits used, the drug assumes various conformations often with varying affinity for the target sequence. These stereoisomers often require a manufacturing step to purify the heterogeneous mixture of conformations into a more homogenous mixture or even a single conformation of the drug in order to obtain the intended therapeutic effect. Our PNAs assume only a single conformation with any constellation of nucleo-bases added to the backbone or any oligomer length. This backbone also has a neutral charge, as opposed to the negatively charged backbones of DNA and RNA. This neutral charge allows our ASO to open up RNAs which are folded upon themselves and bind to their target sequence. This potentially accelerates identification of drug candidates which have the desired activity.

 

 S-2 

 

 

In addition to the backbone conformational purity that allows for more efficient discovery of drug product candidates, we also have a kit of proprietary bi-facial (also known as bi-specific) nucleotides (traditional nucleotides only have a single binding face and thus are restricted to only binding single-stranded RNA targets) which can be used in any combination to access RNA secondary structures (double stranded RNA targets which are folded upon themselves) such as hairpins. This allows us to potentially access regions of the target transcript, which may be unique in secondary structure to allow enhanced selectivity for the target (mutant) RNA as compared to the normal RNA. Enhanced selectivity for mutant RNAs as compared to normal RNAs is critical as normal RNAs are likely required for effective functioning of the cell. These bi-specific nucleotides can also target genomic loci and microRNAs in their double-stranded form.

 

In addition to the backbone and modified nuclear bases, the platform toolkit also includes linker technology which, when added to both ends of the PNAs, allow cooperative binding between individual drug molecules once they are engaged with the target RNA to form longer and more tightly bound drugs.

 

The final component of the platform is a chemical moiety, which is used to decorate the peptide backbone in a proprietary manner and allows the PNAs to penetrate cell membranes and distribute throughout the body when administered systemically.

 

This relatively simple toolkit of components forms the PATrOL™ platform and allows us to manufacture genome and transcript-specific PNAs quickly for screening.

 

We are currently focused on therapeutic areas in which we believe our drugs will provide the greatest benefit with a significant market opportunity. We intend to utilize our technology to build out a pipeline of custom designed therapeutics for additional high-value disease targets. We are developing several preclinical programs using our PATrOL™ platform, including the NT0100 program, targeted at HD, a repeat expansion disorder, and the NT0200 program, targeted at DM1. Preclinical studies are being conducted to evaluate the PATrOL™ platform technology and program candidates in the areas of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and we reported results from certain of those studies in the first calendar quarter of 2020 and expect to receive additional results from certain of those studies in the second calendar quarter of 2020 and report the results thereof in the second half of calendar year 2020 in a scientific publication or a presentation at a scientific conference. See “Summary—Recent Developments” beginning on page S-5 of this prospectus supplement for additional detail regarding certain of our preclinical studies. In addition, the emerging pipeline of other assets that target primary and secondary RNA structure and genomic DNA allows a unique market advantage across a variety of rare diseases and oncology targets.

 

Using our PATrOL™ platform, we believe we can create ASOs that have distinct advantages over other chemical entities currently in the market or in development for gene silencing applications. These advantages include, among others: a backbone that has only one chiral center and thus forms only one stereoisomer; the ability of the PNA backbone to invade, open up secondary and tertiary structures (RNA molecules that interact with other RNA molecules in the cell) and bind within these double-stranded RNA in a highly selective manner; a proprietary set of engineered nucleo-bases that increase selectivity to specific target sequences including secondary and tertiary structures that has been licensed exclusively from Carnegie Mellon University (“CMU”); technology to allow self-assembly of our small PNAs at the RNA target to increase selectivity which has been licensed exclusively from CMU; the ability to modulate cell permeability and be broadly distributed throughout the body after systemic administration including into the brain; the lack of innate or acquired immune responses of similar PNAs in preclinical models; and potential minimal toxicity based on previous in-vivo studies in rodent models. With these advantages, our PATrOL™ platform-enabled therapies can potentially address a multitude of rare genetic diseases and cancer, among other indications.

 

 S-3 

 

 

Product Pipeline

 

Huntington’s Disease

 

HD is a devastating rare neurodegenerative disorder. After onset, symptoms such as uncontrolled movements, cognitive impairments and emotional disturbances worsen over time. HD is caused by toxic aggregation of mutant huntingtin protein, leading to progressive neuron loss in the striatum and cortex of the brain. The wildtype huntingtin gene (HTT) has a region in which a three-base DNA sequence, CAG, is repeated many times. When the DNA sequence CAG is repeated 26 or fewer times in this region, the resulting protein behaves normally. While the wildtype function of HTT is largely uncharacterized, the protein is known to be essential for normal brain development. When the DNA sequence CAG is repeated 40 times or more in this region, the resulting protein becomes toxic and causes HD. Every person has two copies, or alleles, of the HTT. Only one of the alleles (the “mutant” allele) needs to bear at least 40 CAG repeats for HD to occur. HD is one of many known repeat expansion disorders, which are a set of genetic disorders caused by a mutation that leads to a repeat of nucleotides exceeding the normal threshold. Current therapies for patients with HD can only manage individual symptoms. There is no approved therapy that has been shown to delay or halt disease progression. There are approximately 30,000 symptomatic patients in the U.S. and more than 200,000 at-risk of inheriting the disease globally.

 

NT0100 Program – PATrOL™ Enabled PNA for Huntington’s Disease

 

We are initially focused on HD, a fatal rare genetic repeat expansion disorder with no viable treatment options.

 

One especially important advantage of the PATrOL™ platform that makes it promising for the treatment of repeat expansion disorders like HD is the ability of our small ASOs to potentially self-assemble within an RNA hairpin. As the number of repeats increases, the PATrOL™ oligonucleotides bind more tightly to each other and the mutant RNA. This allows our therapies to potentially inactivate mutant HTT mRNA before it can be translated into harmful protein via selective binding to the expanded CAG repeats while leaving the normal HTT mRNA largely unbound to drug and producing functional protein. Achieving mutant allele selectivity would be a key advantage for any RNA-based approach aiming to treat HD. The PATrOL™-enabled NT0100 program is currently in preclinical development for the treatment of HD.

 

NT0200 Program – PATrOL™ Enabled PNA for Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1

 

Our pipeline also contains a second potentially transformative medicine, which we believe has significant potential for DM1, a severe and rare trinucleotide repeat disease. DM1 is a multisystem disorder that primarily affects skeletal and smooth muscle. DM1 is caused by expansion of a CTG trinucleotide repeat in the noncoding region of the DM1 Protein Kinase gene (DMPK), which captures and sequesters splice proteins. Sequestered splice proteins cannot then fulfill their normal functions. The diagnosis of DM1 is suspected in individuals with characteristic muscle weakness and is confirmed by molecular genetic testing of DMPK. CTG repeat length exceeding 34 repeats is abnormal. Molecular genetic testing detects pathogenic variants in nearly 100% of affected individuals. It is estimated that the global prevalence of DM1 is 1 in 20,000 individuals. The clinical candidates in development target the DM1 expanded allele with PATrOL™-enabled drug candidates to disrupt and/or open the mutant hairpin and allow release of sequestered splice proteins.

 

Additional Indications

 

In addition, we are in the process of building an early stage pipeline of other therapies that focus on the unique advantages of our technology across a variety of rare diseases.

 

 S-4 

 

 

Recent Developments

 

Announcement of Positive Preclinical Data and Target Milestones

 

On March 31, 2020, we announced positive preclinical data from our pharmacokinetics studies in non-human primates (“NHPs”) and in vitro pharmacodynamics data in patient-derived cell lines. Our pharmacokinetics studies in NHPs demonstrated, among other things:

 

·rapid uptake of our PATrOL™-enabled compound out of the body’s circulation after systemic intravenous administration, with a half-life in circulation of approximately 1.5 hours;

 

·penetration by our PATrOL™-enabled compound in every organ system studied, including the central nervous system and skeletal muscle; and

 

·retention of therapeutically relevant doses for greater than one week after single-dose injection.

 

Our pharmacodynamics studies in patient-derived cell lines demonstrated, among other things:

 

·activity in engaging target disease-causing transcripts and knocking-down resultant malfunctioning mutant HTT protein levels preferentially over normal HTT protein knock-down; and

 

  · dose-limiting toxicities were not observed relative to a control either at or above the doses demonstrating activity in human cells in vitro.

 

In addition, PATrOL™ enabled compounds were generally well-tolerated in vivo after systemic administration, both after single-dose administration in NHPs and multi-dose administration in mice for over a month.

 

We believe that the data from these studies support the advancement of the Company’s HD and DM1 programs into lead optimization and subsequent IND-enabling studies. We announced the following target milestones for our NT0100 and NT0200 programs:

 

NT0100 Program for HD

 

  · Lead candidate selection by the end of the calendar year 2020

 

  · Initiation of IND-enabling studies during the first half of the calendar year 2021

 

  · IND filing by the end of the calendar year 2021

 

  · Clinical data by the end of the calendar year 2022

 

NT0200 Program for DM1

 

  · Lead candidate selection during the first half of the calendar year 2021

 

  · Initiation of IND-enabling studies during the second half of the calendar year 2021

 

  · IND filing during the second half of the calendar year 2022

 

The intersection of the NHP pharmacokinetic data and the in vitro patient-derived pharmacodynamic data provides a roadmap to create a pipeline of therapeutic candidates which can reach target tissues of interest after systemic administration and achieve the desired activity at that dose. We believe that the data from these studies provides a roadmap for the future expansion of the Company’s therapeutic pipeline into other indications.

 

Our current cash balance, together with the anticipated proceeds of this offering (assuming the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full), is expected to satisfy our liquidity requirements through calendar year 2021. In order to obtain clinical data for our NT0100 program and to initiate IND-enabling studies and submit an IND filing for our NT0200 program, we expect that we will need additional funding, which, subject to market and other conditions, may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.

 

 S-5 

 

 

Corporate Information

 

We were incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 4, 2009, as successor to BBM Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Prime Resource, Inc., which was organized March 29, 2002 as a Utah corporation) pursuant to a reincorporation merger. On August 4, 2009, we reincorporated in Delaware as “Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc.” On July 12, 2019, the Company (formerly known as Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc.) completed a reverse acquisition transaction in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of January 2, 2019, by and among the Company, Ohr Acquisition Corp. (“Merger Sub”), and NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. (“Legacy NeuBase”), as amended by the First Amendment thereto made and entered into as of June 27, 2019, pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into Legacy NeuBase, with Legacy NeuBase (renamed as “NeuBase Corporation”) surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Merger”). On July 12, 2019, immediately after completion of the Merger, the Company changed its name to “NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc.” Shares of our common stock commenced trading on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “NBSE” as of market open on July 15, 2019.

 

Our principal executive offices are located at 700 Technology Drive, Third Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, and our telephone number is (646) 450-1790. Our website is located at www.neubasetherapeutics.com. Any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated by reference into, nor is it in any way part of, this prospectus supplement and should not be relied upon in connection with making any decision with respect to an investment in our securities. We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may obtain any of the documents filed by us with the SEC at no cost from the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

 

We are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and have elected to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosure available for smaller reporting companies in this prospectus supplement as well as our filings under the Exchange Act.

 

 S-6 

 

 

The Offering

 

Common stock offered by us               shares
   
Common stock outstanding before this offering 17,080,625 shares
   
Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering               shares (or                shares if the underwriters exercise their option in full to purchase additional shares of our common stock).
   
Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares of common stock We have granted the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to an additional                    shares of common stock from us.
   
Public offering price $                    per share
   
Use of proceeds We estimate the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $                  million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes and to advance the development of our product candidates and expand our pipeline. See “Use of Proceeds” beginning on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement for additional detail.
   
The Nasdaq Capital Market symbol NBSE
   
Risk factors Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement and other information included or incorporated in this prospectus supplement for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before investing in our securities.

  

The number of shares of our common stock outstanding before this offering and that will be outstanding immediately after this offering is based on 17,077,873 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding as of  December 31, 2019 and includes 2,752 shares of our common stock issued on January 27, 2020.

 

The number of shares of our common stock that will be outstanding immediately after this offering excludes:

 

  · 3,129,560 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2019 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), the Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2016 Consolidated Stock Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), the Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2014 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”) and the Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc. 2009 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”), as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $5.70 per share;

 

·3,337,406 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2018 Plan”), as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $0.001 per share;

 

·715,939 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $21.01 per share;

 

·891,403 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan, the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Plan and the 2009 Plan, as of December 31, 2019; and

 

·any shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan (of which none were available as of December 31, 2019).

 

Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus supplement assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase up to an additional                          shares of common stock.

 

Certain of our significant stockholders, directors and officers have indicated an interest in purchasing an aggregate of up to approximately $2.9 million in shares of our common stock in this offering at the public offering price and on the same terms and conditions as the other purchasers in this offering. However, because indications of interest are not binding agreements or commitments to purchase, the underwriters could determine to sell more, fewer or no shares to any of these potential purchasers, and any of these potential purchasers could determine to purchase more, fewer or no shares in this offering. The underwriters will receive the same underwriting discounts and commissions on any shares purchased by these parties as they will on any other shares sold to the public in this offering.

 

 S-7 

 

 

Risk Factors

 

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, as well as our other filings with the SEC, include material risk factors relating to our business. Those risks and uncertainties and the risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks and uncertainties that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial or that are not specific to us, such as general economic conditions, may also materially and adversely affect our business and operations. If any of those risks and uncertainties or the risks and uncertainties described below actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed substantially. In such a case, you may lose all or part of your investment. You should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties described below and those risks and uncertainties incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, as well as the other information included in this prospectus supplement, before making an investment decision with respect to our common stock.

 

Risks Related to this Offering

 

Purchasers of common stock in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of their investment. You may experience further dilution upon exercise of our outstanding options and warrants.

 

If you purchase shares of our common stock in this offering, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution, as the public offering price of our common stock will be substantially greater than the net tangible book value per share of our common stock before giving effect to this offering. Accordingly, if you purchase our common stock in this offering, you will incur immediate substantial dilution of approximately $          per share, representing the difference between the public offering price per share of common stock and our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019. For a further description of the dilution that you will experience immediately after this offering, see the section in this prospectus supplement entitled “Dilution.”

 

Future sales of our common stock, or the perception that such future sales may occur, may cause our stock price to decline.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, following this offering could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. A substantial majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock are, and the shares of common stock sold in this offering upon issuance will be, freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

 

We have broad discretion to determine how to use the funds raised in this offering, and may use them in ways that may not enhance our operating results or the price of our common stock.

 

Our management will have broad discretion over the use of proceeds from this offering, and we could spend the proceeds from this offering in ways our stockholders may not agree with or that do not yield a favorable return, if at all. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes and to advance the development of our product candidates and expand our pipeline. See “Use of Proceeds” beginning on page S-12 of this prospectus supplement for additional detail. However, our use of these proceeds may differ substantially from our current plans. If we do not invest or apply the proceeds from this offering in ways that improve our operating results, we may fail to achieve expected financial results, which could cause our stock price to decline.

 

We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, you must rely on stock appreciation for any return on your investment.

 

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Any payment of cash dividends will also depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and other factors and will be at the discretion of our board of directors. Accordingly, you will have to rely on capital appreciation, if any, to earn a return on your investment in our common stock.

 

 S-8 

 

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

This prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain “forward-looking statements” by us within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, statements as to expectations, beliefs and strategies regarding the future. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events and include, but are not limited to, statements relating to:

 

·risks and uncertainties associated with our research and development activities, including our preclinical studies;

 

·the potential effects of public health outbreaks, epidemics or pandemics, such as the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic;

 

·the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals or of alternative regulatory pathways for our product candidates;

 

·the potential market opportunities for commercializing our product candidates;

 

·our expectations regarding the potential market size and the size of the patient populations for our product candidates, if approved for commercial use, and our ability to serve such markets;

 

·estimates of our expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and our needs for additional financing;

 

·our ability to continue as a going concern;

 

·our ability to develop, acquire and advance our product candidates into, and successfully complete, preclinical studies and clinical trials and obtain regulatory approvals;

 

·the implementation of our business model and strategic plans for our business and product candidates;

 

·the initiation, cost, timing, progress and results of current preclinical studies and future preclinical studies and clinical trials, and our research and development programs;

 

·the terms of future licensing arrangements, and whether we can enter into such arrangements at all;

 

·timing and receipt or payments of licensing and milestone revenues or payments, if any;

 

·the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our product candidates and our ability to operate our business without infringing the intellectual property rights of others;

 

·regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

 

·the performance of our third party suppliers and manufacturers;

 

·our ability to maintain and establish collaborations or obtain additional funding;

 

·the success of competing therapies that are currently or may become available;

 

·our use of proceeds from this offering;

 

·our financial performance; and

 

·developments and projections relating to our competitors and our industry.

 

 S-9 

 

 

Any forward-looking statements should be considered in light of these factors. Words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “forecasts,” “potential,” “goal,” “contemplates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “hopes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “strategy,” “continues,” “ongoing,” “opportunity,” “could,” “would,” “should,” “likely,” “will,” “may,” “can,” “designed to,” “future,” “foreseeable future” and similar expressions and variations, and negatives of these words, identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the expectations, estimates, projections, beliefs and assumptions of our management based on information currently available to management, all of which are subject to change. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Many of the important factors that will determine these results and values are beyond our ability to control or predict. You are cautioned not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as otherwise required by law, we do not assume any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

 

In evaluating an investment in shares of our common stock, you should carefully consider the discussion of risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in other documents, including in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, and in other filings with the SEC, that are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. You should carefully read this prospectus supplement together with the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement as described under the heading “Information Incorporated by Reference; Where You Can Find More Information”, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

 

All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by our cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included or incorporated by reference herein are made only as of the date of this prospectus supplement (or as of the date of any such document incorporated by reference). We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

 

 S-10 

 

 

Market and Industry Data

 

Unless otherwise indicated, we have based the information concerning our industry contained in this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference herein on our general knowledge of and expectations concerning the industry, which involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus supplement and in the other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. These and other factors could cause the information concerning our industry to differ materially from those expressed in this prospectus supplement and incorporated by reference herein.

 

 S-11 

 

 

Use of Proceeds

 

We estimate that the net proceeds from the sale of the common stock in this offering will be approximately $           million (or $                  million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital and general corporate purposes and to advance the development of our product candidates and expand our pipeline.

 

Our expected use of the net proceeds from this offering represents our current intentions based upon our present plans and business condition. The precise amount and timing of the application of these proceeds will depend upon a number of factors, such as the timing and progress of our research and development efforts, our funding requirements and the availability and costs of other funds. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to us from this offering. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the timing and application of these proceeds. Pending application of the net proceeds as described above, we intend to deposit the net proceeds of this offering in our operating cash accounts, including short-term money market accounts.

 

 S-12 

 

 

Capitalization

 

The following table sets forth our consolidated cash and cash equivalents, equity and total capitalization as of December 31, 2019:

 

·on an actual basis; and

 

  · on an as adjusted basis to give effect to our issuance and sale of              shares of our common stock in this offering at the public offering price of $            per share, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

 

The “As Adjusted” column assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares to cover over-allotments, if any.

 

You should read the data set forth in the table below in conjunction with the section of this prospectus supplement under the caption “Use of Proceeds” as well as our “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

 

   As of December 31, 2019 
   (unaudited) 
   (in thousands, except share amounts) 
   Actual   As Adjusted 
Cash and cash equivalents   $7,731   $  
Stockholders’ equity:          
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued or outstanding, actual and pro forma as adjusted         
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 250,000,000 shares authorized, actual and pro forma as adjusted, and 17,077,873 shares issued and outstanding, actual; and                        shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted    2      
Additional paid-in capital    38,532      
Accumulated deficit    (31,506)     
Total stockholders’ equity    7,028      
Total capitalization   $7,028   $  

 

The above table is based on 17,077,873 shares of common stock as of December 31, 2019, and excludes:

 

  · 3,129,560 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2019 Plan, the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Plan and the 2009 Plan, as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $5.70 per share;

  

·3,337,406 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2018 Plan, as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $0.001 per share;

 

·715,939 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $21.01 per share;

 

·891,403 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan, the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Plan and the 2009 Plan, as of December 31, 2019; and

 

·any shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan (of which none were available as of December 31, 2019).

 

 S-13 

 

 

Dilution

 

Purchasers of common stock in this offering will experience immediate dilution to the extent of the difference between the public offering price per share of common stock and the net tangible book value per share of common stock immediately after this offering.

 

Our net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019 was approximately $7.0 million, or $0.41 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share is determined by dividing the net of total tangible assets less total liabilities, by the aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2019.

 

After giving effect to the sale by us of                             shares of common stock at the public offering price of $                     per share of common stock, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2019 would have been approximately $                        million, or $                    per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value of $                      per share to our existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $                     per share of common stock issued to the investors participating in this offering.

 

The following table illustrates this per share dilution:

 

Public offering price per share of common stock           $    
Net tangible book value per share as of December 31, 2019   $ 0.41          
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering   $            
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering           $    
Dilution per share to investors participating in this offering           $    

 

The information above assumes that the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares. If the underwriters exercise their option in full to purchase additional shares of common stock in this offering at the public offering price of $           per share, the net tangible book value per share after this offering would be $           per share, the increase in the net tangible book value per share to existing stockholders would be $           per share and the dilution to investors participating in this offering would be $           per share.

 

The above table is based on 17,077,873 shares of common stock as of December 31, 2019, and excludes:

 

·3,129,560 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2019 Plan, the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Plan and the 2009 Plan, as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $5.70 per share;

 

·3,337,406 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding under the 2018 Plan, as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $0.001 per share;

 

·715,939 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants as of December 31, 2019, at a weighted average exercise price of $21.01 per share;

 

·891,403 shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2019 Plan, the 2016 Plan, the 2014 Plan and the 2009 Plan, as of December 31, 2019; and

 

 S-14 

 

 

·any shares of our common stock reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan (of which none were available as of December 31, 2019).

 

To the extent that options or warrants are exercised, new options or other equity awards are issued under our equity incentive plans, or we issue additional shares of common stock or other equity or convertible debt securities in the future, there may be further dilution to investors participating in this offering. Moreover, we may choose to raise additional capital because of market conditions or strategic considerations, even if we believe that we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. If we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.

 

 S-15 

 

 

Description of Common Stock

 

Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), or as required by applicable law, all shares of the Company’s common stock have the same rights and privileges and rank equally, share ratably and are identical in all respects as to all matters, including, without limitation, those described below:

 

Voting rights

 

Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote per share for the election of directors and on all other matters that require stockholder approval. Holders of common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. As further described below in “—Anti-Takeover Provisions,” the Certificate of Incorporation and the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (the “Bylaws”), provide for a classified board of directors consisting of three classes of approximately equal size, each serving staggered three-year terms. There is no provision for cumulative voting for the election of directors, which means that a plurality of the shares voted can elect all of the directors then standing for election. Except as provided under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (“DGCL”) or the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws, action on a matter is approved if the votes cast favoring the action exceed the votes cast opposing the action.

 

Dividend rights

 

The holders of outstanding shares of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of funds legally available if the Company’s board of directors, in its discretion, determines to issue dividends and only at the times and in the amounts that the Company’s board of directors may determine and will depend upon the Company’s earnings, if any, capital requirements, operating and financial conditions and on such other factors as the Company’s board of directors deems relevant.

 

Liquidation rights

 

Upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the holders of common stock will be entitled to share equally, identically and ratably in all assets remaining, subject to the prior satisfaction of all outstanding debt and liabilities and the preferential rights and payment of liquidation preferences, if any, on any outstanding shares of the Company’s preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share.

 

No preemptive or similar rights

 

The common stock does not carry any redemption rights or any preemptive or preferential rights enabling a holder to subscribe for, or receive shares of, any class of common stock or any other securities convertible into shares of any class of common stock. The common stock is not subject to conversion, redemption or sinking fund provisions.

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions

 

Certain provisions of Delaware law and the Certificate of Incorporation contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult: acquisition of the Company by means of a tender offer; acquisition of the Company by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or removal of the Company’s incumbent officers and directors. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in the Company’s best interests, including transactions that might result in a premium over the market price for the Company’s capital stock.

 

These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of the Company to first negotiate with the Company’s board of directors. The Company believes that the benefits of increased protection of the Company’s potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure the Company outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

 

 S-16 

 

 

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

 

The Company is subject to Section 203 of the DGCL, which prohibits persons deemed “interested stockholders” from engaging in a “business combination” with a publicly-held Delaware corporation for three years following the date these persons become interested stockholders unless the business combination is, or the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder was, approved in a prescribed manner or another prescribed exception applies. Generally, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status did own, 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock. Generally, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. The existence of this provision may have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by the board of directors, such as discouraging takeover attempts that might result in a premium over the market price of the common stock.

 

Undesignated Preferred Stock

 

The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock will make it possible for the Company’s board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change control of the Company. These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of the Company.

 

Elimination of Stockholder Action by Written Consent

 

The Certificate of Incorporation eliminates the right of stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting.

 

Classified Board; Election and Removal of Directors; Filling Vacancies

 

The Company’s board of directors is divided into three classes. The directors in each class serve for a three-year term, one class being elected each year by the Company’s stockholders, with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors will be elected at each annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms. At all meetings of stockholders for the election of directors, a plurality of the votes cast is sufficient to elect each director. The Certificate of Incorporation provides for the removal of any of the Company’s directors only for cause and requires a stockholder vote by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock with the power to vote at an election of directors. Furthermore, any vacancy on the Company’s board of directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the size of the board, shall only be filled by a resolution of the board of directors unless the board of directors determines that such vacancies shall be filled by the stockholders. This system of electing and removing directors and filling vacancies may tend to discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the Company, because it generally makes it more difficult for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors.

 

Choice of Forum

 

The Certificate of Incorporation provides that, unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the exclusive forum for: (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on the Company’s behalf; (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee, agent or stockholder of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, creditors or other constituents; (c) any action asserting a claim against the Company arising pursuant to the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws; or (d) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Such exclusive forum provision, however, does not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, the choice of forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. It could apply, however, to a suit that falls within one or more of the categories enumerated in the choice of forum provision and asserts claims under the Securities Act inasmuch as Section 22 of the Securities Act creates concurrent jurisdiction for federal and state courts over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce this provision with respect to claims under the Securities Act.

 

 S-17 

 

 

However, the Certificate of Incorporation does not relieve the Company of its duty to comply with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder, and the Company’s stockholders will not be deemed to have waived the Company’s compliance with these laws, rules and regulations. The Certificate of Incorporation also provide that any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of the Company’s capital stock will be deemed to have notice of and consented to this choice of forum provision.

 

This choice of forum provision in the Certificate of Incorporation may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the Company or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against the Company and its directors, officers and other employees. In addition, stockholders who do bring a claim in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware could face additional litigation costs in pursuing any such claim, particularly if they do not reside in or near Delaware. Furthermore, the enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ governing documents has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that a court could find these types of provisions to be inapplicable or unenforceable.

 

Amendment of Charter Provisions

 

The amendment of any of the above provisions in the Certificate of Incorporation, except for the provision making it possible for the Company’s board of directors to issue undesignated preferred stock, would require approval by a stockholder vote by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock.

 

The provisions of the DGCL and the Certificate of Incorporation could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of the common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in the Company’s management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

 

 S-18 

 

  

Underwriting

 

Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (“Oppenheimer”) and BTIG, LLC are acting as representatives (the “Representatives”) of each of the underwriters named below and as joint book-running managers for this offering. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement among us and the underwriters, we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each of the underwriters has agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase from us, the number of shares of common stock set forth opposite its name below.

 

    Number of  
Underwriter   Shares  
Oppenheimer & Co. Inc.        
BTIG, LLC        
National Securities Corporation        
Total        

  

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement, the underwriters have agreed, severally and not jointly, to purchase all of the shares sold under the underwriting agreement if any of the shares are purchased. If an underwriter defaults, the underwriting agreement provides that the purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriters may be increased or the underwriting agreement may be terminated.

 

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

 

The underwriters are offering the shares, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by them, subject to approval of legal matters by their counsel, including the validity of the shares, and subject to other conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, such as the receipt by the underwriters of officers’ certificates and legal opinions. The underwriters reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part.

 

Discounts and Commissions

 

The Representatives have advised us that the underwriters propose to offer the shares to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and to dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $                         per share. After the offering of the shares, the public offering price, concession or any other term of this offering may be changed by the Representatives.

 

The following table shows the public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions and proceeds, before expenses, to us. The information assumes either no exercise or full exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock.

 

 

       Total 
   Per
Share
   Without
Option
   With
Option
 
Public offering price  $    $    $  
Underwriting discounts and commissions  $    $    $  
Proceeds, before expenses, to us  $    $    $  

 

We estimate expenses payable by us in connection with this offering, other than the underwriting discounts and commissions referred to above, will be approximately $500,000. We also have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for the fees and expenses of counsel to the underwriters in an amount not to exceed $150,000.

 

Option to Purchase Additional Shares

 

We have granted an option to the underwriters, exercisable for 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to additional shares at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions. If the underwriters exercise this option, each underwriter will be obligated, subject to the conditions contained in the underwriting agreement, to purchase a number of additional shares proportionate to that underwriter’s amount reflected in the above table.

 

 S-19 

 

 

No Sales of Similar Securities

 

We, our executive officers and directors and all of our other existing security holders have agreed not to sell or transfer any common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock, for 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement without first obtaining the written consent of the Representatives on behalf of the underwriters. Specifically, we and these other persons have agreed, with certain limited exceptions, not to directly or indirectly:

 

·offer, pledge, sell or contract to sell any common stock;

 

·sell any option or contract to purchase any common stock;

 

·purchase any option or contract to sell any common stock;

 

·grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of any common stock;

 

·otherwise dispose of or transfer any common stock;

 

·request or demand that we file a registration statement related to the common stock; or

 

·enter into any swap or other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequence of ownership of any common stock, whether any such swap, agreement or transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares or other securities, in cash or otherwise.

 

The lock-up provisions apply to common stock and to securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for common stock. They also apply to common stock owned now or acquired later by the person executing the lock-up agreement or for which the person executing the lock-up agreement later acquires the power of disposition.

 

Nasdaq Capital Market Listing

 

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “NBSE.”

 

Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids

 

Until the distribution of the shares is completed, SEC rules may limit underwriters and selling group members from bidding for and purchasing our common stock. However, the Representatives may engage in transactions that stabilize the price of the common stock, such as bids or purchases to peg, fix or maintain that price.

 

In connection with this offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell our common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, purchases on the open market to cover positions created by short sales and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in this offering. “Covered” short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares described above. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the option to purchase additional shares granted to them under the underwriting agreement described above. “Naked” short sales are sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of shares of common stock made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the closing of this offering.

 

 S-20 

 

 

The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the Representatives have repurchased shares sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.

 

Similar to other purchase transactions, the underwriters’ purchases to cover the syndicate short sales may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on The Nasdaq Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

 

Neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of our common stock. In addition, neither we nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the Representatives will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.

 

Electronic Distribution

 

In connection with this offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses by electronic means, such as e-mail.

 

Other Relationships

 

The underwriters and certain of their affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Some of the underwriters and certain of their affiliates may in the future engage in investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us and our affiliates, for which they may in the future receive customary fees, commissions and expenses.

 

In addition, in the ordinary course of their business activities, the underwriters and their affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers. Such investments and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of ours or our affiliates. The underwriters and their affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or financial instruments and may hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in such securities and instruments.

 

Selling Restrictions

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

 

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area and the United Kingdom, each Relevant State, no ordinary shares have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to thepublic in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the ordinary shares that has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that offers of ordinary shares may be made to the public in that Relevant State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:

 

A.to any legal entity that is a qualified investor as defined under the Prospectus Regulation;

 

B.to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the underwriters; or

 

C.in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation;

 

provided that no such offer of ordinary shares shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation and each person who initially acquires any ordinary shares or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with each of the underwriters and the Company that it is a “qualified investor” within the meaning of Article 2(e) of the Prospectus Regulation. In the case of any ordinary shares being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the ordinary shares acquired by it in the offering have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances that may give rise to an offer of any ordinary shares to the public other than their offer or resale in a Relevant State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the underwriters have been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.

 

 S-21 

 

 

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to ordinary shares in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any ordinary shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any ordinary shares, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129.

 

MiFID II Product Governance

 

Any person offering, selling or recommending the ordinary shares (a “distributor”) should take into consideration the manufacturers’ target market assessment; however, a distributor subject to MiFID II is responsible for undertaking its own target market assessment in respect of the ordinary shares (by either adopting or refining the manufacturers’ target market assessment) and determining appropriate distribution channels.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

 

In addition, in the United Kingdom, this document is being distributed only to, and is directed only at, and any offer subsequently made may only be directed at persons who are “qualified investors” (as defined in the Prospectus Regulation) (i) who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005, as amended, the Order, and/or (ii) who are high net worth companies (or persons to whom it may otherwise be lawfully communicated) falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”) or otherwise in circumstances that have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public of the ordinary shares in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended.

 

Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the information included in this document or use it as basis for taking any action. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity that this document relates to may be made or taken exclusively by relevant persons.

 

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

 

The shares may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of the shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

 

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

 

Pursuant to section 3A.3 of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

 

 S-22 

 

 

Legal Matters

 

The validity of the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement will be passed upon for us by Paul Hastings LLP, Palo Alto, California. Mintz, Levin, Cohn, Ferris, Glovsky and Popeo, P.C., Boston, Massachusetts, is counsel to the underwriters in connection with this offering.

 

Experts

 

The consolidated financial statements of NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. as of September 30, 2019 and for the year then ended incorporated herein by reference have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of CohnReznick LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm (the report on the financial statements contains an explanatory paragraph regarding NeuBase’s ability to continue as a going concern), incorporated herein by reference, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

The consolidated financial statements of NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. as of September 30, 2018 and for the period from August 28, 2018 (inception) to September 30, 2018, have been incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon the report of MaloneBailey, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm (the report on the financial statements contains an explanatory paragraph regarding NeuBase’s ability to continue as a going concern), incorporated herein by reference, given on the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

 S-23 

 

 

Information Incorporated by Reference; Where You Can Find More Information

 

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference into this prospectus supplement certain information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus supplement, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede information contained in this prospectus supplement and any accompanying prospectus supplement. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below that we have previously filed with the SEC:

 

(a)Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019, filed with the SEC on January 10, 2020;

 

(b)Our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2020;

 

(c)Our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on (i) October 3, 2019, (ii) February 13, 2020, (iii) February 21, 2020 and (iv) March 31, 2020;

 

  (d) Our Current Reports on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on (i) February 18, 2020, (ii) March 26, 2020 and (iii) April 3, 2020; and

 

(e)The description of our common stock set forth in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-35963), filed with the SEC on June 11, 2013, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

 

All documents we file pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus supplement and before the later of (1) the completion of the offering of the securities described in this prospectus supplement and (2) if applicable, the date any underwriter stops offering securities pursuant to this prospectus supplement will also be incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement from the date of filing of such documents. Upon request, we will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus supplement is delivered a copy of any or all of the information that has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement but not delivered with this prospectus supplement.

 

Notwithstanding the preceding, unless specifically stated to the contrary, none of the information that we disclose under 2.02 or 7.01 or, if related to Items 2.02 or 7.01, Item 9.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K that we may, from time to time, furnish to the SEC will be incorporated by reference into, or otherwise included in, this prospectus supplement. The information contained in each of the documents incorporated by reference speaks only as of the date of such document. Any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein, or contained in this prospectus supplement, shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any subsequently filed document or report that also is incorporated by reference or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus supplement.

 

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge through the Internet. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC.

 

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act relating to the offering of these securities. The registration statement, including the attached exhibits, contains additional relevant information about us and the securities. This prospectus supplement does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above. The registration statement and the documents referred to above are also available on our corporate website at www.neubasetherapeutics.com. Unless specifically listed above, the information contained on the SEC website or our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and you should not consider that information a part of this prospectus supplement. You may obtain a copy of any of these documents at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address:

 

 S-24 

 

 

NeuBase Therapeutics, Inc. 

700 Technology Drive, Third Floor 

Pittsburgh, PA 15219 

(646) 450-1790

This prospectus supplement may contain information that updates, modifies or is contrary to information in one or more of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement. You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date of this prospectus supplement or the date of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

 

 S-25 

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

OHR PHARMACEUTICAL, INC.

 

$250,000,000

 

COMMON STOCK
PREFERRED STOCK
DEBT SECURITIES
WARRANTS
RIGHTS
PURCHASE CONTRACTS
UNITS

 

 

 

This prospectus will allow us to issue from time to time at prices and on terms to be determined at or prior to the time of the offering, up to $250,000,000 of any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either individually or in units. We may also offer common stock or preferred stock upon conversion of or exchange for the debt securities; common stock upon conversion of or exchange for the preferred stock; common stock, preferred stock or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants, rights or performance of purchase contracts; or any combination of these securities upon the performance of purchase contracts.

 

We will provide the specific terms of these offerings and securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

 

We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, or directly to purchasers, on a continuous or delayed basis. The prospectus supplement for each offering of securities will describe in detail the plan of distribution. If underwriters, dealers and agents are used to sell these securities, we will name them and describe their compensation in a prospectus supplement. .. 

 

 

 

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “OHRP.” On September 14, 2017, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $0.77 per share. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing, if any, on the NASDAQ Capital Market or any securities market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the prospectus supplement. Prospective purchasers of our securities are urged to obtain current information as to the market prices of our securities, where applicable.

 

As of September 14, 2017, the aggregate market value of our outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $39,981,176, which was calculated based on 51,923,605 shares of outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates and on a price per share of $0.77, the closing price of our common stock on September 14, 2017. Pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 to a registration statement on Form S-3, in no event will we sell our securities in a public primary offering with an aggregate market value exceeding one-third of our public float in a twelve calendar month period so long as our public float remains below $75,000,000. As of the date of this prospectus, we have sold securities for an aggregate market value of approximately $21,945,000 pursuant to General Instruction I.B.6 to a registration statement on Form S-3. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our securities, you should consider carefully the risks that we have described on page 4 of this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors” and any similar section contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

 

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

 

The date of this prospectus is September 27, 2017.

 

 S-26 

 

 

About this Prospectus

 

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants, rights or purchase contracts to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units, in one or more offerings, with a total value of up to $250,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering.

 

This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. For a more complete understanding of the offering of the securities, you should refer to the registration statement, including its exhibits. The prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectus filed by us with the SEC may also add, update or change information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. However, no prospectus supplement will offer a security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness. This prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplements, any related free writing prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus, includes all material information relating to the offering of securities under this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement, the information and documents incorporated herein by reference and the additional information under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information” before making an investment decision.

 

You should rely only on the information we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectus filed by us with the SEC. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. This prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement do not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities described in the accompanying prospectus supplement or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy such securities in any circumstances in which such offer or solicitation is unlawful.. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, the documents incorporated by reference and any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of their respective dates. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed materially since those dates.

 

This prospectus contains and incorporates by reference market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe that these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. Although we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the market and industry data presented in this prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference, these estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.

 

This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of our securities, unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement. To the extent there are inconsistencies between any prospectus supplement, this prospectus and any documents incorporated by reference, the document with the most recent date will control.

 

Unless the context otherwise requires, “Ohr Pharmaceutical,” “Ohr,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc.

 

 1 

 

 

Prospectus Summary

 

The following is a summary of what we believe to be the most important aspects of our business and the offering of our securities under this prospectus. We urge you to read this entire prospectus, including the more detailed consolidated financial statements, notes to the consolidated financial statements and other information incorporated by reference from our other filings with the SEC or included in any applicable prospectus supplement or and any related free writing prospectus. Investing in our securities involves risks. Therefore, carefully consider the risk factors set forth in any prospectus supplements, any related free writing prospectus and in our most recent annual and quarterly filings with the SEC, as well as other information in this prospectus, any prospectus supplements any related free writing prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein or therein, before purchasing our securities. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities.

 

We can be contacted at Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc., 800 Third Avenue, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10022, and by telephone at 212-682-8452. We also maintain a website at www.ohrpharmaceutical.com, through which you can access our SEC filings.

 

We are a clinical stage pharmaceutical company developing novel therapies for ophthalmic diseases. Our lead clinical asset, topical Squalamine (also known as squalamine lactate ophthalmic solution, 0.2%, or OHR-102), is a novel therapeutic product which could provide a non-invasive therapy to improve vision outcomes beyond that achieved with current standard of care. We are evaluating Squalamine in combination with Lucentis® injections for the treatment of wet-AMD. This is based on the data from a Phase 2 clinical trial in wet-AMD where a positive and clinically meaningful vision benefit was seen with Squalamine combination therapy in classic containing choroidal neovascularization (classic CNV) as well as those subjects with occult neovascularization (occult CNV) less than 10mm2. We also have a sustained release platform technology we acquired in May 2014.

 

Offerings Under This Prospectus

 

Under this prospectus, we may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants, rights or purchase contracts to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in units, with a total value of up to $250,000,000, from time to time at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of the offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer a type or series of securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

  designation or classification;
     
  aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;
     
  maturity, if applicable;
     
  rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;
     
  redemption, conversion or sinking fund terms, if any;
     
  voting or other rights, if any;
     
  conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange; and
     
  material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations, if any.

 

 2 

 

 

The applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize be provided to you may also may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in documents we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. However, no prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will offer any security that is not registered and described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness. of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through agents, underwriters or dealers. We, and our agents or underwriters, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we offer securities through agents or underwriters, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

  the names of those agents or underwriters;
     
  applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;
     
  details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and
     
  the net proceeds to us.

 

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of any securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

 3 

 

 

Risk Factors

 

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before you decide whether to purchase any of our securities, in addition to the other information in this prospectus, you should carefully consider the risks described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, which are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, together with other information in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize for use in connection with this offering. If any of the foregoing risks actually materializes, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially adversely affected. As a result, the value of our securities could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment. The foregoing risks are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. See the “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Information By Reference” sections of this prospectus.

 

 4 

 

 

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 

This prospectus and the documents we incorporate by reference herein contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Sections 27A of the Securities Act, and 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement that may project, indicate or imply future results, events, performance or achievements, and may contain words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “plan,” “could,” “should,” “continue” or other comparable words or expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, including, among others, risks resulting from economic and market conditions, the regulatory environment in which we operate, pricing pressures, accurately forecasting operating and capital expenditures and clinical trial costs, competitive activities, uncertainties of litigation and other business conditions, and are subject to uncertainties and assumptions contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We base our forward-looking statements on information currently available to us, and, in accordance with the requirements of federal securities laws, we will disclose to you material developments affecting such statements. Our actual operating results and financial performance may prove to be very different from what we have predicted as of the date of this prospectus due to certain risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus speak only as of the date of this prospectus. Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise. The risks and uncertainties that we face are described in greater detail under the heading “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, in our most recent Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, in subsequent filings that we make with the SEC, and may also be described in each prospectus supplement made a part hereof.

 

 5 

 

 

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

 

The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preference securities dividends for each of the periods indicated. The following table is qualified by the more detailed information appearing in the computation table set forth in Exhibit 12.1 to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part and the historical financial statements, including the notes to those financial statements, incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

 

                        Nine Months
    Year Ended September 30,   Ended June 30,
    2012   2013   2014   2015   2016   2017
             
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preference dividends (1)(2)            

 

 

(1) The ratio of earnings to fixed charges was less than one-to-one for each of the periods presented. We do not have any preferred stock outstanding as of the date of this prospectus.

 

(2) Earnings were insufficient to cover combined fixed charges and preference dividends by $1.5 million in 2012, $5.7 million in 2013, $9.1 million in 2014, $15.2 million in 2015, and $25.8 million in 2016, and $18.6 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2017.

 

 

Use of Proceeds

 

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use any net proceeds from the sale of securities under this prospectus for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes, which may include costs of funding future acquisitions or for any other purpose we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. Pending application of the net proceeds as described above, we may initially invest the net proceeds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing securities or apply them to the reduction of short-term indebtedness.

 

 6 

 

 

Plan of Distribution

 

We may sell the offered securities in and outside the United States (1) through underwriters or dealers; (2) directly to purchasers, including our affiliates and stockholders, or in a rights offering; (3) through agents; or (4) through a combination of any of these methods. The prospectus supplement will include the following information:

 

the terms of the offering;

 

the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;

 

the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters;

 

the purchase price of the securities;

 

the net proceeds from the sale of the securities;

 

any delayed delivery arrangements;

 

any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;

 

any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

 

any commissions paid to agents.

 

In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement. If so, the third parties may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third parties in such sale transactions will be underwriters and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). We or one of our affiliates may loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities using this prospectus. Such financial institution or third party may transfer its short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a simultaneous offering of other securities offered by this prospectus or otherwise.

 

Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers

 

If we use underwriters in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account for resale to the public. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

 

Representatives of the underwriters through whom the offered securities are sold for public offering and sale may engage in over-allotment, stabilizing transactions, syndicate short covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Over-allotment involves syndicate sales in excess of the offering size, which creates a syndicate short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the offered securities so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the offered securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. Penalty bids permit the representative of the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the offered securities originally sold by such syndicate member are purchased in a syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. Such stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may cause the price of the offered securities to be higher than it would otherwise be in the absence of such transactions. These transactions may be effected on a national securities exchange and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

 

 7 

 

 

Some or all of the securities that we offer through this prospectus may be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters to whom we sell our securities for public offering and sale may make a market in those securities, but they will not be obligated to do so and they may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the liquidity of, or continued trading markets for, any securities that we offer.

 

If we use dealers in the sale of securities, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. If applicable, we will include in the prospectus supplement the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.

 

Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents

 

We may sell the securities directly. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may also sell the securities through agents designated from time to time. In the prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities, and we will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.

 

We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. We will describe the terms of any such sales in the prospectus supplement.

 

We may also make direct sales through subscription rights distributed to our existing shareholders on a pro rata basis that may or may not be transferable. In any distribution of subscription rights to our shareholders, if all of the underlying securities are not subscribed for, we may then sell the unsubscribed securities directly to third parties or we may engage the services of one or more underwriters, dealers or agents, including standby underwriters, to sell the unsubscribed securities to third parties.

 

Remarketing Arrangements

 

Offered securities also may be offered and sold, if so indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own accounts or as agents for us. Any remarketing firm will be identified and the terms of its agreements, if any, with us and its compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters, as that term is defined in the Securities Act, in connection with the securities remarketed.

 

Delayed Delivery Arrangements

 

If we so indicate in the prospectus supplement, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those conditions described in the prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.

 

General Information

 

We may have agreements with the underwriters, dealers and agents to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute with respect to payments that the underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make.

 

Underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with, or perform services for, us in the ordinary course of our business.

 

With respect to the sale of securities under this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, the maximum commission or discount to be received by any member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. or independent broker or dealer will not be greater than eight percent (8%).

 

 8 

 

 

Description of Capital Stock

 

The following is a summary of our capital stock and provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, as they are in effect as of the date of this prospectus. For more detailed information, please see our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and bylaws, which are filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

 

We are authorized to issue 180,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which, on September 14, 2017, 56,211,428 shares of common stock were outstanding, held of record by 187 stockholders; and 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of which 6,000,000 shares were designated, and 5,583,336 were issued, subsequently converted, and are no longer available to issue.

 

Common Stock

 

Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders, and do not have cumulative voting rights. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available for dividend payments. All shares of common stock outstanding as of the date of this prospectus are fully paid and nonassessable. The holders of common stock have no preferences or rights of conversion, exchange, pre-emption or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, holders of common stock will be entitled to share ratably in our assets that are remaining after payment or provision for payment of all of our debts and obligations and after liquidation payments to holders of outstanding shares of preferred stock, if any.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Standard Registrar & Transfer Company, Inc. 

 

Preferred Stock

 

Our board of directors has the authority, without action by our stockholders, to designate and issue up to 9,416,664 shares of preferred stock (after giving effect to the conversion and cancellation of a previous issue of 5,583,336 shares of Series B Preferred) in one or more series and to designate the rights, preferences, and limitations of all such series, any or all of which may be superior to the rights of our common stock. It is not possible to state the actual effect of the issuance of any shares of preferred stock upon the rights of the holders of common stock until our board of directors determines the specific rights of the holders of preferred stock. However, effects of the issuance of preferred stock include restricting dividends on our common stock, diluting the voting power of our common stock, impairing the liquidation rights of our common stock, and making it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, which could have the effect of discouraging a third party from acquiring, or deterring a third party from paying a premium to acquire, a majority of our outstanding voting stock. We have no present plans to issue any shares of our preferred stock.

 

You should refer to our certificate of incorporation, as amended, which is filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

 

General

 

Our board of directors may, without further action by our stockholders, from time to time, direct the issuance of shares of preferred stock in series and may, at the time of issuance, determine the rights, preferences and limitations of each series, including voting rights, dividend rights and redemption and liquidation preferences. Satisfaction of any dividend preferences of outstanding shares of preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of dividends on shares of our common stock. Holders of shares of preferred stock may be entitled to receive a preference payment in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our company before any payment is made to the holders of shares of our common stock. In some circumstances, the issuance of shares of preferred stock may render more difficult or tend to discourage a merger, tender offer or proxy contest, the assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities or the removal of incumbent management. Upon the affirmative vote of our board of directors, without stockholder approval, we may issue shares of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights which could adversely affect the holders of shares of our common stock.

 

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If we offer a specific series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will describe the terms of the preferred stock in the prospectus supplement for such offering and will file a copy of the certificate establishing the terms of the preferred stock with the SEC. To the extent required, this description will include:

 

  the title and stated value;
  the number of shares offered, the liquidation preference, if any, per share and the purchase price;
  the dividend rate(s), period(s) and/or payment date(s), or method(s) of calculation for such dividends;
  whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;
  the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;
  the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;
  the provisions for redemption, if applicable;
  any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;
  whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price (or how it will be calculated) and conversion period;
  whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price (or how it will be calculated) and exchange period;
  voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;
  a discussion of any material and/or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;
  the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Company; and
  any material limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking pari passu with or senior to the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights upon liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for any preferred stock we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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Description of Debt Securities

 

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any future debt securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we so indicate in a prospectus supplement, the terms of any debt securities offered under such prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below, and to the extent the terms set forth in a prospectus supplement differ from the terms described below, the terms set forth in the prospectus supplement shall control. 

 

We may sell from time to time, in one or more offerings under this prospectus, debt securities, which may be senior or subordinated. We will issue any such senior debt securities under a senior indenture that we will enter into with a trustee to be named in the senior indenture. We will issue any such subordinated debt securities under a subordinated indenture, which we will enter into with a trustee to be named in the subordinated indenture. We use the term “indentures” to refer to either the senior indenture or the subordinated indenture, as applicable. The indentures will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as in effect on the date of the indenture. We use the term “debenture trustee” to refer to either the trustee under the senior indenture or the trustee under the subordinated indenture, as applicable.

 

The following summaries of material provisions of the senior debt securities, the subordinated debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities.

 

General

 

Each indenture provides that debt securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series and may be denominated and payable in foreign currencies or units based on or relating to foreign currencies. Neither indenture limits the amount of debt securities that may be issued thereunder, and each indenture provides that the specific terms of any series of debt securities shall be set forth in, or determined pursuant to, an authorizing resolution or a supplemental indenture, if any, relating to such series.

 

We will describe in each prospectus supplement the following terms relating to a series of debt securities:

 

  the title or designation;
  the aggregate principal amount and any limit on the amount that may be issued;
  the currency or units based on or relating to currencies in which debt securities of such series are denominated and the currency or units in which principal or interest or both will or may be payable;
  whether we will issue the series of debt securities in global form, the terms of any global securities and who the depositary will be;
  the maturity date and the date or dates on which principal will be payable;
  the interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the date or dates interest will be payable and the record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;
  whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;
  the terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated debt;
  the place or places where payments will be payable;
  our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
  the date, if any, after which, and the price at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional redemption provisions;
  the date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities;
  whether the indenture will restrict our ability to pay dividends, or will require us to maintain any asset ratios or reserves;
  whether we will be restricted from incurring any additional indebtedness;

 

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  a discussion on any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to a series of debt securities;
  the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof; and
  any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities.

 

We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Conversion or Exchange Rights

 

We will set forth in the prospectus supplement the terms, if any, on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

 

Consolidation, Merger or Sale; No Protection in Event of a Change of Control or Highly Leveraged Transaction

 

The indentures do not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the indentures or the debt securities, as appropriate.

 

Unless we state otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any provisions that may afford holders of the debt securities protection in the event we have a change of control or in the event of a highly leveraged transaction (whether or not such transaction results in a change of control), which could adversely affect holders of debt securities.

 

Events of Default Under the Indenture

 

The following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

 

  if we fail to pay interest when due and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment has not been extended or deferred;
  if we fail to pay the principal, or premium, if any, when due and the time for payment has not been extended or delayed;
  if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant set forth in the debt securities of such series or the applicable indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating to and for the benefit of holders of another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice from the debenture trustee or holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and
  if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur as to us.

 

No event of default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities. The occurrence of an event of default may constitute an event of default under any bank credit agreements we may have in existence from time to time. In addition, the occurrence of certain events of default or an acceleration under the indenture may constitute an event of default under certain of our other indebtedness outstanding from time to time.

 

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If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing, then the trustee or the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the debenture trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of and premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on all debt securities of that series. Before a judgment or decree for payment of the money due has been obtained with respect to debt securities of any series, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) may rescind and annul the acceleration if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the applicable indenture (including payments or deposits in respect of principal, premium or interest that had become due other than as a result of such acceleration). We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of such discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default.

 

Subject to the terms of the indentures, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the debenture trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the debenture trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the debenture trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the debenture trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

 

  the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and
  subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the debenture trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

 

A holder of the debt securities of any series will only have the right to institute a proceeding under the indentures or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies if:

 

  the holder previously has given written notice to the debenture trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;
  the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered reasonable indemnity to the debenture trustee to institute the proceeding as trustee; and
  the debenture trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series (or at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) other conflicting directions within 60 days after the notice, request and offer.

 

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.

 

We will periodically file statements with the applicable debenture trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the applicable indenture.

 

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

 

The debenture trustee and we may change the applicable indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters, including:

 

  to fix any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture; and
  to change anything that does not materially adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series issued pursuant to such indenture.

 

In addition, under the indentures, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the debenture trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) that is affected. However, the debenture trustee and we may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

 

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  extending the fixed maturity of the series of debt securities;
  reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or any premium payable upon the redemption of any debt securities;
  reducing the principal amount of discount securities payable upon acceleration of maturity;
  making the principal of or premium or interest on any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt security; or
  reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment or waiver.

 

Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series (or, at a meeting of holders of such series at which a quorum is present, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of such series represented at such meeting) may on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of such series waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or any interest on any debt security of that series or in respect of a covenant or provision, which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding debt security of the series affected; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration.

 

Discharge

 

Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for obligations to:

 

  register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;
  replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;
  maintain paying agencies;
  hold monies for payment in trust;
  compensate and indemnify the trustee; and
  appoint any successor trustee.

 

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged with respect to a series, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, the premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

 

Form, Exchange, and Transfer

 

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series.

 

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

 

Subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange or in the applicable indenture, we will make no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

 

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We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

 

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

 

  issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or
  register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

 

Information Concerning the Debenture Trustee

 

The debenture trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under the applicable indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the debenture trustee under such indenture must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the debenture trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

 

Payment and Paying Agents

 

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

 

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, will we make interest payments by check which we will mail to the holder. Unless we otherwise indicate in a prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the debenture trustee in the City of New York as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

 

All money we pay to a paying agent or the debenture trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities which remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

 

Governing Law

 

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.

 

Subordination of Subordinated Debt Securities

 

Our obligations pursuant to any subordinated debt securities will be unsecured and will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus supplement. The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of senior indebtedness we may incur. It also does not limit us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.

 

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Description of Warrants

 

As of September 14, 2017, there were warrants to purchase an aggregate of 16,178,110 shares of Ohr Pharmaceutical common stock outstanding with exercise prices ranging from $1.00 to $7.88 per share.

 

General

 

We may issue warrants to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series together with other securities or separately, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Below is a description of certain general terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer. Particular terms of the warrants will be described in the warrant agreements and the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants.

 

The applicable prospectus supplement will contain, where applicable, the following terms of and other information relating to the warrants:

 

  the specific designation and aggregate number of, and the price at which we will issue, the warrants;
  the currency or currency units in which the offering price, if any, and the exercise price are payable;
  the designation, amount and terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;
  if applicable, the exercise price for shares of our common stock and the number of shares of common stock to be received upon exercise of the warrants;
  if applicable, the exercise price for shares of our preferred stock, the number of shares of preferred stock to be received upon exercise, and a description of that series of our preferred stock;
  if applicable, the exercise price for our debt securities, the amount of debt securities to be received upon exercise, and a description of that series of debt securities;
  the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right will expire or, if you may not continuously exercise the warrants throughout that period, the specific date or dates on which you may exercise the warrants;
  whether the warrants will be issued in fully registered form or bearer form, in definitive or global form or in any combination of these forms, although, in any case, the form of a warrant included in a unit will correspond to the form of the unit and of any security included in that unit;
  any applicable material U.S. federal income tax consequences;
  the identity of the warrant agent for the warrants and of any other depositaries, execution or paying agents, transfer agents, registrars or other agents;
  the proposed listing, if any, of the warrants or any securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants on any securities exchange;
  if applicable, the date from and after which the warrants and the common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities will be separately transferable;
  if applicable, the minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;
  information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;
  the anti-dilution provisions of the warrants, if any;
  any redemption or call provisions;
  whether the warrants may be sold separately or with other securities as parts of units; and
  any additional terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent and registrar for any warrants we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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Description of Rights

 

General

 

We may issue rights to our stockholders to purchase shares of our common stock, preferred stock or the other securities described in this prospectus. We may offer rights separately or together with one or more additional rights, debt securities, preferred stock, common stock, warrants or purchase contracts, or any combination of those securities in the form of units, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Each series of rights will be issued under a separate rights agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as rights agent. The rights agent will act solely as our agent in connection with the certificates relating to the rights of the series of certificates and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of rights certificates or beneficial owners of rights. The following description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The particular terms of the rights to which any prospectus supplement may relate and the extent, if any, to which the general provisions may apply to the rights so offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. To the extent that any particular terms of the rights, rights agreement or rights certificates described in a prospectus supplement differ from any of the terms described below, then the terms described below will be deemed to have been superseded by that prospectus supplement. We encourage you to read the applicable rights agreement and rights certificate for additional information before you decide whether to purchase any of our rights.

  

We will provide in a prospectus supplement the following terms of the rights being issued:

 

  the date of determining the stockholders entitled to the rights distribution;
  the aggregate number of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities purchasable upon exercise of the rights;
  the exercise price;
  the aggregate number of rights issued;
  whether the rights are transferrable and the date, if any, on and after which the rights may be separately transferred;
  the date on which the right to exercise the rights will commence, and the date on which the right to exercise the rights will expire;
  the method by which holders of rights will be entitled to exercise;
  the conditions to the completion of the offering, if any;
  the withdrawal, termination and cancellation rights, if any;
  whether there are any backstop or standby purchaser or purchasers and the terms of their commitment, if any;
  whether stockholders are entitled to oversubscription rights, if any;
  any applicable U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
  any other terms of the rights, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the distribution, exchange and exercise of the rights, as applicable.

  

Each right will entitle the holder of rights to purchase for cash the principal amount of shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities at the exercise price provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Rights may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for the rights provided in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Holders may exercise rights as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Upon receipt of payment and the rights certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the rights agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the shares of common stock, preferred stock or other securities, as applicable, purchasable upon exercise of the rights. If less than all of the rights issued in any rights offering are exercised, we may offer any unsubscribed securities directly to persons other than stockholders, to or through agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods, including pursuant to standby arrangements, as described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Rights Agent

 

The rights agent for any rights we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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Description of Purchase Contracts

 

We may issue purchase contracts, including contracts obligating holders to purchase from us, and for us to sell to holders, a specific or variable number of our debt securities, shares of common stock, preferred stock, warrants or rights, or securities of an entity unaffiliated with us, or any combination of the above, at a future date or dates. Alternatively, the purchase contracts may obligate us to purchase from holders, and obligate holders to sell to us, a specific or variable number of our debt securities, shares of common stock, preferred stock, warrants, rights or other property, or any combination of the above. The price of the securities or other property subject to the purchase contracts may be fixed at the time the purchase contracts are issued or may be determined by reference to a specific formula described in the purchase contracts. We may issue purchase contracts separately or as a part of units each consisting of a purchase contract and one or more of our other securities described in this prospectus or securities of third parties, including U.S. Treasury securities, securing the holder’s obligations under the purchase contract. The purchase contracts may require us to make periodic payments to holders or vice versa and the payments may be unsecured or pre-funded on some basis. The purchase contracts may require holders to secure the holder’s obligations in a manner specified in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any purchase contracts in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered, including, to the extent applicable, the following:

 

  whether the purchase contracts obligate the holder or us to purchase or sell, or both purchase and sell, the securities subject to purchase under the purchase contract, and the nature and amount of each of those securities, or the method of determining those amounts;
  whether the purchase contracts are to be prepaid;
  whether the purchase contracts are to be settled by delivery, or by reference or linkage to the value, performance or level of the securities subject to purchase under the purchase contract;
  any acceleration, cancellation, termination or other provisions relating to the settlement of the purchase contracts;
  any applicable U.S. federal income tax considerations; and
  whether the purchase contracts will be issued in fully registered or global form.

 

The preceding description sets forth certain general terms and provisions of the purchase contracts to which any prospectus supplement may relate. The particular terms of the purchase contracts to which any prospectus supplement may relate and the extent, if any, to which the general provisions may apply to the purchase contracts so offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. To the extent that any particular terms of the purchase contracts described in a prospectus supplement differ from any of the terms described above, then the terms described above will be deemed to have been superseded by that prospectus supplement. We encourage you to read the applicable purchase contract for additional information before you decide whether to purchase any of our purchase contracts.

 

Description of Units

 

The following description, together with the additional information that we include in any applicable prospectus supplements summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.

 

We will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectuses and the complete unit agreement and any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units. 

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General

 

We may issue units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, one or more debt securities, warrants, rights or purchase contacts for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series, in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each security included in the unit. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date.

 

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units being offered, including:

 

  the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;
  any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; and
  any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.

 

The provisions described in this section, as well as those set forth in any prospectus supplement or as described under “Description of Common Stock,” “Description of Preferred Stock,” “Description of Debt Securities,” “Description of Warrants,” “Description of Rights” and “Description of Purchase Contracts” will apply to each unit, as applicable, and to any common stock, preferred stock, debt security, warrant, right or purchase contract included in each unit, as applicable.

 

Unit Agent

 

The name and address of the unit agent for any units we offer will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Issuance in Series

 

We may issue units in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine.

 

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units

 

Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

 

Provisions of Delaware Law Governing Business Combinations

 

We are subject to the “business combination” provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, such provisions prohibit a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in any “business combination” transactions with any “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date on which the person became an “interested stockholder,” unless:

 

  prior to such date, the board of directors approved either the “business combination” or the transaction which resulted in the “interested stockholder” obtaining such status; or
  upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an “interested stockholder,” the “interested stockholder” owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the “interested stockholder”) those shares owned by (a) persons who are directors and also officers and (b) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or
  at or subsequent to such time the “business combination” is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the “interested stockholder.”

 

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A “business combination” is defined to include mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in financial benefit to a stockholder. In general, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock or within three years did own 15% or more of a corporation’s voting stock. The statute could prohibit or delay mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts with respect to us and, accordingly, may discourage attempts to acquire us.

 

Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

 

Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we will indemnify our officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by such law.

 

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Legal Matters

 

Troutman Sanders LLP, New York, New York, will pass upon the validity of the issuance of the securities offered by this prospectus.

 

Experts

 

The consolidated financial statements of Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc. as of September 30, 2016 and 2015 and for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2016, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2016, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of MaloneBailey, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

Where You Can Find More Information

 

We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy these reports, proxy statements and other information at the SEC’s public reference facilities at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the public reference facilities. SEC filings are also available at the SEC’s web site at http://www.sec.gov.

 

This prospectus is only part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the SEC under the Securities Act and therefore omits certain information contained in the registration statement. We have also filed exhibits and schedules with the registration statement that are excluded from this prospectus, and you should refer to the applicable exhibit or schedule for a complete description of any statement referring to any contract or other document. You may inspect a copy of the registration statement, including the exhibits and schedules, without charge, at the public reference room or obtain a copy from the SEC upon payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC.

 

We also maintain a website at www.ohrpharmaceutical.com. We make available free of charge through our website press releases, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after we have electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information set forth on, or accessible from, our website is not part of this prospectus.

 

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Incorporation of Information by Reference

 

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” information that we file with them. Incorporation by reference allows us to disclose important information to you by referring you to those other documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We filed a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with the SEC with respect to the securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus omits certain information contained in the registration statement, as permitted by the SEC. You should refer to the registration statement, including the exhibits, for further information about us and the securities we may offer pursuant to this prospectus. Statements in this prospectus regarding the provisions of certain documents filed with, or incorporated by reference in, the registration statement are not necessarily complete and each statement is qualified in all respects by that reference. Copies of all or any part of the registration statement, including the documents incorporated by reference or the exhibits, may be obtained upon payment of the prescribed rates at the offices of the SEC listed above in “Where You Can Find More Information.” The documents we are incorporating by reference are:

 

  our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016 filed on December 22, 2016;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2016, filed on February 14, 2017;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, filed with the SEC on May 11, 2017;
     
  our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, filed with the SEC on August 8, 2017;
     
  our Current Reports filed with the SEC on December 8, 2016, February 14, 2017, February 22, 2017, April 4, 2017, April 6, 2017, April 10, 2017, April 19, 2017, May 11, 2017 and May 12, 2017; and
     
  the description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on June 11, 2013, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

 

Unless otherwise noted, the SEC file number for each of the documents listed above is 333-88480.

 

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, including those made after the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to effectiveness of such registration statement, until we file a post-effective amendment that indicates the termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus, which will become a part of this prospectus from the date that such documents are filed with the SEC.

 

Any statement contained in this prospectus or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or any other subsequently filed document that is deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus modifies or supersedes the statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus.

 

You may request, orally or in writing, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated herein by reference. These documents will be provided to you at no cost, by contacting: Investor Relations, Ohr Pharmaceutical, Inc., 800 Third Avenue, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10022, or call (212) 682-8452.

 

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                         Shares of Common Stock

 

 

 

 

________________________________

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
________________________________ 

 

 

 

 

 

Joint Book-Running Managers

 

Oppenheimer & Co.  BTIG

 

 Co-Manager

 

National Securities Corporation    

  

April      , 2020